The term "Pagan" has changed significantly from its historical roots, and in doing so, it has lost much of its original meaning. Pagan or paganism originally refers to polytheistic and nature-based traditions, particularly those outside the monotheistic religions like Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. However, the term "Pagan" nowadays are often loosely applied and heavily influenced by both New Age and Christian teachings. This dilution has led Paganism to be disconnected from the deeper, and more demanding mystical practices of the past.
In European Paganism, Gods and Spirits were often associated with the elements and natural elements like forests, rivers, animals, and the celestial bodies, our planets. This emphasis on nature and harmony with its rhythms often laid the foundation for what became known as the occult - the pursuit of hidden or esoteric knowledge through mystical practices, i.e. meditation and witchcraft.
The Vikings practiced a specific form of Paganism, often called Norse Paganism or Heathenry, that centered on the worship of Gods from the Norse pantheon, like Odin, Thor, Freyja, and Loki. For example, the Norse believed that runes were not merely letters but powerful symbols with intrinsic mystical qualities. Each rune had a unique meaning, connected to natural forces, deities, and/or spiritual concepts.
Sadly, much of Paganism today has been heavily corrupted, distorted, and watered down by Abrahamic teachings, which have permeated New Age, Neo-Pagan, and Modern Pagan movements. As a consequence, many modern practitioners are unaware of this hideous corruption, and find themselves following paths that lack the depth and authenticity of traditional Pagan spirituality. This ultimately leads to a shallow and misguided understanding of the practices they intend to embrace, which, in turn, has led many ignorant followers to their downfall.